Ventilated furnace wall



192 y July l2 7 M. LIP-MK vVENTILIJIED -FURNACE WALL Y 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed sept, 17. 1923 July 12, 1927. M. UPTAK VENTILATED FURNACE Filed sep. 1v 1923 s sheets-sheet Y j MP wwwvwn /W 11E. .n/f ya? @22Min/, 4 A .w .lf Il: 44 n, 12E .7., 5 f1 r11 fr In M d F 3 Sheets-Sheel` 3 g H Ii i? v r,July 12,1927. M. LIPTAK VENTILATED FURNACB wALIJ- Filed sept. 17, *.1923

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Patented July 12, 1927.

UNITED STATES PAT MICHAEL LIPTAX, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

VENTILATED FURNACE WALL.

-Application led September 17, 1923. Serial No. 663,119,

My present invention relates to furnaces and is particularly directed to the provision of an improved form of ventilated or aircooled furnace wall and an arrangement whereby the air drawn into the furnace is taken in through the air passages of the wall and, hence, preheated.

The present invention is capable of modiiication Yand may be applied in various different types of furnace walls, but, nevertheless, is especially designed and adapted for use in furnace walls of the type known to the trade as the Liptak furnace wall, and which wall is disclosed and broadly claimed in various different patents issued to me of dat-e July 24, 1923. The particular wall illustrated is of the particular type disclosed in my. Patent No. 1,463,058, of said date July 24, 1923.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section showing a boiler furnace or setting embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective with some parts removed and some parts sectioned, illustratin the construction of the side walls of the furnace illustrated in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a View corresponding to Fig. 2, but illustrating the construction of a center Wall of a furnace.

Of the parts of the boiler furnace or setting illustrated in Fig. l, it is only desirable, in the first instance, generally, to designate the side Walls A, front baiiie wall B, rear baiiie wall C, boiler flues D, smoke outlet E, and endless chain grate F.

The construction of the furnace walls A is illustrated in Fig. 2. This wall structure, like that of my prior patent, involves a permanent outer wall and a replaceable inner wall, the blocks of the two walls being interconnected in a novel manner disclosed and claimed in my prior patents.

The numerals 4 and 5 indicate, respectively, the lower and upper sections of tile or masonry anchor boxes in which the sections 4 serve as sills and the sections 5 serve as lintels, and the end portions of said box sections constitute pilasters. These tile boxes constitute parts of the permanent outer wall and they are formed with aligned rectangul lar openings that afford anchoring pockets 6. hese boxes are assembled to form horizontal belts between which are built in horizontal belts of brick masonry 7 7. The outer vertical brick courses 7 are spaced from theinner vertical brick courses 7, so as to form horizontal air channels 8. The bricks of the courses 7 are tightly laid together, while the bricks of the courses 7 are spaced at ends to afford numerous air ports 9.

In the preferred arrangement illustrated, the pocket-forming openings .in the blocks or sections of the anchoring boxes are located nearer one end than the other and the sill-forming blocks 4, at the narrow ends of the boxes, are projected and provided with vertical air passages 10 that communicate with the interiors of the respective pockets through air channels 11 in the adjacent ends of the sill-forming blocks 4, (see Fig. 2).

The replaceable inner portion of the wall should be made up entirely of highly refractory blocks, bricks or tiles, and, as shown, comprises replaceable horizontal belts of fire bricks- 12 and, between these belts, horizontal rows or courses of shelf-forming blocks or long re bricks 13 placed in groups and extending from the replaceable wall into the pockets 6 of the anchoring boxes. As preferably designed, these shelf-forming blocks 13 have the vertical cross section of commeru cial bricks but are much longer,'so that they extend completely through the replaceable wall into the pockets 6, but terminate short of the inner walls of said pockets, so as to leave air spaces 14. p

To adapt these shelf-forming blocks 13 for interlocking engagement with the sill-forming blocks 4, said blocks are formed with overlapping interlocking ledges 15. To hold the inserted ends of the shelf-forming blocks 13 interlocked to the sill-forming blocks, key blocks 16 are placed on top of and against the under surfaces of the lintel-forming blocks 5. Said key blocks are preferably made slightly wedge-shaped. It is important to note that the blocks 13 and 16 do not come completely to the ends or pil-asterforming portions of the blocks 4-5, but are spaced therefrom, so as to afford lateral air passages at 17. It is now further important Atovnote that the replaceable fire brick belts 12, which are anchored to the permanent wall by the shelf-forming blocks 13, are spaced from the permanent wall, so as to leave an intervening air space at 18. The spaces between the groups of shelf-formin blocks 13 are lled in by re bricks 19 and 20, the latter bricks being spaced from the innersurface of the permanent wall, so as to leave.narrow air passages 21. These air passages 21 connect horizontally adjacent air passages 17 and they also connect upper and lower air channels 8.

Air, to supply combustion within the furnace in whole or in part, is supplied from a main air intake tube 22, which usually will be connected to a fan or blower, sothat air will Abe forced through said pipe under pressure. This air pipe 22 has ports 23 that openk into several of the main air channels 8 but not into the lowermost of said channels 8. Hot air discharge ports 24, formed in the lowermost belt 12 of the replaceable through the wall, open intoy the furnace below the upper coal-supporting surface of the chain grate F or other grate which may be employed.

In practice, there will preferably be two of the air intake pipes with the ports described opening into the main air channels 8 of both of the side walls of the furnace.

It may now be observed that the air supplied through the pipe 22 and ports 23 will pass into the main channels 8 and, from thence, part of this air will pass through the ports 9 into the air space or chamber 18, while part of the air will pass upward ports 10 and ohorizontally through the ports 11 into the pockets 6 of the anchor boxes 1 -5. The air passing into said pockets 6 contacts with the inner ends of the blocks 13 and 16 and, passing outward through the passages 17, comes into Contact with the sides of the outer blocks of the groups and thence also reaches the air space oi` channels 18. These air spaces or channels 18, as noted, are in communication with the narrow ports or air passages 21. Thus, the air passes completely around the intermediate portions of the shelf-forming blocks 13 and key blocks 16 and, as before noted, contacts with the inner ends of all of said blocks and with the sides of certain thereof. It will be further noted that the air has contact with three sides, to wit: the inner sides and both ends, of each of the bricks 7 of the outer wall. The air thus tends to keep down the temperature of the blocks with which it comes into contact and, at the same time, the air is heated to quite a high temperature. The air, after `being heated to high temperature, will be drawn or forced from the lower air space or channels 18 through the ports 24 into the lower rtion of the furnace and, passing upward through the grate and the fuel thereon, will creasing the life of the wall; and the air is preheated, so as to produce intense and complete combustion, thereby not only ef fecting economy in the use of fuel, b'ut an abatement of the smoke nuisance.

Fig. 3 illustrates a center wall or a partition wall between two furnaces or combustion chambers. The construction here employed is on the same general plan as that above described in detail; that'is, the elements 12, 13, 16, 19, 20 and 21 are of the same construction as the elements bearing the same numerals in the fore oing description, except that they are dup icated on opposite sides of the center of the wall. In this arrangement, the permanent center wall is made up of horizontal brick mason belts 25, lintels 26, shelf-forming blocks 2 and pilasters 28-29. The bricks in the belts 25 are laidin vertical tiers laterally spaced to afford intervening air channels 30 and, at their ends, said bricks are spaced to afford air passages 31 that lead from said channels 30 to the air spaces or channels 18 formed between the main and replaceable walls. The sill-forming blocks 27 in this construction, are laterally spaced from each other and from `the pilasters, so as to leave vert-ical air passages 32 that lead into the pockets formed by the sill blocks, pilasters and lintels. The pilasters comprise the transverse blocks 28 placed on the immediately underlying brick belts, and the smaller blocks 29 that are laterally spaced to afford air passages 33 between the adjacent pockets formed by said pilasters, lintels and sill blocks, and which pockets receive the extended ends of the shelf-forming blocks 13 and key blocks 16. This arrangement gives the best kind of air circulation between the wall-forming elements.

What I claim is:

1. A wall structure comprising a permanent wall having laterally ,spaced vertical rows of pockets, in combination with a replaceable inner wall including shelf-forming tiles having their inner portions anchored in the pockets of said permanent wall, said permanent and replaceable walls being spaced to form an air gap between them, and the blocks of the permanent wal] being spaced from each other so as to afford horizontal air passages and air ports, which latter connect said horizontal air passages to said space between the permanent andreplaceable walls, and ports in said inner wall connecting said space between walls to the combustion chamber of the fu-rnace.

2. The structure defined in claim 1 in which said shelf-forming blocks at intervals are spaced-to afford v the space between placeable walls.

3. The structure 5 which said shelfgroups and the vertical air pas forming blocks are in are spaced to afford the permanent and redefined in claim 1 in groups sages 1n the space between the ertical air passages in permanent and re which the lon said walls have c pockets thereof.

In testimony whe plaeeable walls and in gltudinal air channels between ommunication with the 1 reof I aix my signature.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. 

